Bond ratings

A negative outlook for the city's AA rating by Fitch Ratings follows similar action taken by S&P Global Ratings in July.

Moodys says it is placing additional weight on the states' Aaa ratings in determining the Garvee ratings.

Fitch cited economic and demographic factors in explaining the downgrade.

Robin Prunty, who retired Aug. 31 as S&P's chief analytical officer for governments, took on a role on its U.S. board the next day.

Fitch also upgraded the city's Georgia Municipal Association certificates of participation (city of Atlanta public safety projects) to AA-plus from AA.

South Dakota voters will have the opportunity to end the state tax on groceries this November.

LINXS, the private developer consortium, and Los Angeles World Airports struck an agreement on a timeline for completion of the people mover project, pushing Fitch Ratings' outlook higher.

The rating agency estimated the cost of college and university capital needs at $750 billion to $950 billion over the next decade.

The mayor and controller debated the causes for the rating outlook revision to negative from stable ahead of a July city bond sale.

Fitch upgraded Chicago's issuer default rating and GO debt rating to A-minus from BBB-plus and the city's sales tax securitization bonds to AAA from AA-plus.